Medicine and science
Physicians, hospitals, naturalists, engineers and scientists. 90 places on the trail.
Colonial North Carolina, 1585-1774
- D-14ARTHUR DOBBS 1689-1765Royal governor, 1754-65. Scholar, engineer, and member of Irish Parliament. Promoted immigration to colony. Grave 2 mi. ...
- B-75JOACHIM GANSScientist; Jewish native of Prague. Led metallurgy experiments, 1585-86, at the first Roanoke colony near here. Part of ...
- I-66THE BARTRAMSNaturalists John and William Bartram, in 1765 and later, used their kinsman's house, Ashwood, as operating base. Stood 2...
- F-14WILLIAM HOUSTONStamp master of North Carolina, 1765, resigned during demonstration in Wilmington against the Stamp Act; a physician at ...
Revolution and founding, 1775-1789
The young state, 1790-1860
- N-20ANDRE MICHAUXFrench botanist, pioneer in studying flora of western North Carolina, visited Roan Mountain, 12 miles north, August 16, ...
- N-21ANDRE MICHAUXFrench botanist, pioneer in studying flora of western North Carolina. Spent nights of Sept. 8, 1794, and May 2, 1795, at...
- N-22ANDRE MICHAUXFrench botanist, pioneer in studying flora of western North Carolina, visited Grandfather Mountain, August, 1794.
- O-28ANDRE MICHAUXFrench botanist, pioneer in studying flora of western North Carolina, passed through Lincolnton, July 24, Sept. 11, 1794...
- P-21ANDRE MICHAUXFrench botanist, pioneer in studying flora of western North Carolina, visited Black Mountains, August, 1794.
- M-20ASA GRAYAmerican botanist and Harvard professor. In July 1841, investigated the region's flora. Headquarters was in house that s...
- N-18ASA GRAYAmerican botanist and Harvard professor. In July, 1841, investigated flora of this region. He visited Grandfather Mounta...
- N-19ASA GRAYAmerican botanist and Harvard professor. In July, 1841, investigated flora of this region. He visited Roan Mountain, 12 ...
- N-24COLLETT LEVENTHORPEConfederate general, physician, author. Born in England, settled in North Carolina about 1847. Grave is 150 yds. north.
- E-82COUNTRY DOCTOR MUSEUMChartered 1967 to honor the "old family doctor." Two doctors' offices, 1857 & 1887, restored with medical & apothecary a...
- H-7DOROTHEA DIX HOSPITALAuthorized 1849, largely through work of Dorothea L. Dix, crusader for better care of the mentally ill. 500 yards southw...
- B-20EDWARD WARRENBorn in Tyrrell County, 1828, Surgeon General of N.C., 1862-65, Professor of Surgery in Maryland, Chief Surgeon of Egypt...
- N-38ELISHA MITCHELL 1793-1857Scientist and professor. Died in attempt to prove this mountain highest in eastern U.S. Grave is at the summit, 285 yds....
- M-7ENG AND CHANG BUNKER 1811-1874Conjoined twins born in Siam. Toured widely in the U.S. before settling nearby to farm, 1839. Grave is 100 yards W.
- CCC-1FORT MACONBuilt by U.S. Corps of Engineers, 1826-34. Good example of brick fort. Seized by Confederates, April 14, 1861. Scene of ...
- D-13HINTON JAMES 1776-1847First student to enter the University of North Carolina, 1795. Civil engineer and legislator. Grave 300 yards east.
- I-4JAMES C. DOBBINSecretary of United States Navy, 1853-57. Helped found State Hospital for Insane. Home one block north.
- F-50JAMES M. SPRUNT 1818-1884Educator, botanist, C.S.A. chaplain, county official, & Presbyterian minister. His grave is 4 mi. West.
- J-76LEWIS DAVID von SCHWEINITZ 1780-1834Moravian administrator. Botanist and pioneer in American mycology. Discovered falls 3 mi. SW.
- H-70MEDICAL SOCIETY OF NORTH CAROLINASuccessor to earlier group founded in 1799. Formed here in 1849. Dr. Edmund Strudwick was first president.
- F-32MILITARY HOSPITALConfederate. Headed by Dr. S. S. Satchwell in building of the Wilson Female Seminary, which was chartered in 1859. Stood...
- D-74MILLIE-CHRISTINE McKOYBlack conjoined twins born near here, 1851. Exhibited in U.S. and Europe. Died in 1912. Grave is five miles N.
- H-35N.C. STATE MUSEUM OF NATURAL SCIENCESCollection began with 1851 geological survey; a museum since 1879; H. H. Brimley, curator from 1895 to 1946.
- L-8NATHANIEL ALEXANDER 1756-1808Governor, 1805-07. Was a surgeon in Revolutionary War; later Congressman. Birthplace was 3 mi. N.
- L-80NORTH CAROLINA MILITARY INSTITUTEOpened 1859; D. H. Hill was 1st superintendent; used as Confederate hospital; public school, 1883-1950. Stood near here.
- D-69OAKDALE CEMETERYEst. in 1852. Includes graves of Confederate leaders, officers, and soldiers, & victims of yellow fever epidemic of 1862...
- H-9PEACE COLLEGEFounded by Presbyterian elder Wm. Peace 1857 as school for women; opened 1872. Main building used as Confederate hospita...
- N-4PLEASANT GARDENSHome of Joseph McDowell (1758-1795), soldier and physician. Officer at the Battle of Kings Mountain.
- D-18S. S. SATCHWELLA founder of State Medical Society, 1849, head of Confederate Hospital at Wilson, 1st president State Board of Health, 1...
- Q-50SILAS McDOWELL 1795-1879Botanical and historical writer; horticulturist. Originated concept of a temperate "thermal belt." Home stood 1/5 mi. W.
- K-56WM. RAINEY HOLT 1798-1868Physician. Advocate of scientific agriculture. His plantation "Linwood" was 6 miles southwest. Built home here, 1834.
Civil War and Reconstruction, 1861-1877
- H-97'LEBANON'Farquhard Smith's home was used as Confederate hospital during the Battle of Averasboro, March 15-16, 1865.
- I-73'OAK GROVE'Plantation home of John Smith, used as a Confederate hospital during the Battle of Averasboro, March 16, 1865.
- GGG-1CONFEDERATE CEMETERYGraves of 52 soldiers individually marked, who died in the Kittrell Springs Hotel hospital 1864-65, are 1/2 mi. NE.
- HHH-3CONFEDERATE HOSPITALFollowing the battle, 45 Confederate wounded were hospitalized in the Harper House. Nineteen of these men died here. Sur...
- J-30CONFEDERATE HOSPITALSet up in the First Presbyterian Church to receive wounded from Battle of Bentonville, 1865, was here.
- O-40CONFEDERATE LABORATORYUnder Dr. A.S. Piggott, manufactured medicine for Confederacy, 1863-65. Remains are 2 mi. S.
- B-14DR. SUSAN DIMOCKNative of Washington, Zurich graduate, head of a Boston hospital, 1st woman member N.C. Medical Society, 1872. Her girlh...
- I-41EDENBOROUGH MEDICAL COLLEGEEarly medical school, chartered 1867, conducted by Dr. Hector McLean. Closed c. 1877. Stood one-half mile south.
- HHH-5FEDERAL EARTHWORKSConstructed by First Michigan Engineers and others, March 19, 1865. Occupied by Federals throughout the battle. Works be...
- I-75FEDERAL HOSPITALThe 1865 home of Wm. Smith, 100 yds. E., was used as a hospital for Union troops in the Battle of Averasboro, March 15-1...
- G-42KITTRELL'S SPRINGSHealth resort, social & recreational center in the19th century. Site of N.C.’s first Confederate General Hospital, 1861-...
- HHH-2UNION HOSPITALThe Harper House was used as a hospital by the XIV Corps, March 19-21, 1865. About 500 Union wounded were treated here.
- HHH-6UNION HOSPITALField Hospital of the XX Corps during the Battle of Bentonville was located here. Four hundred Union soldiers, wounded i...
- D-102W. H. C. WHITING 1824-1865Confederate major general and engineer. He devised the Cape Fear defense system. Wounded nearby in fall of fort. Died in...
The New South, 1878-1929
- P-97ANNE PENLAND 1885-1976Nurse anesthetist. Her WWI service influenced British medical corps to train female anesthetists, 1918. Home was here.
- L-116ANNIE ALEXANDER 1864-1929First female physician licensed in N.C., 1885. Acting assistant surgeon at Camp Greene during WWI. Office was here.
- D-94BABIES HOSPITALPioneer pediatric hospital opened here in 1920 by Dr. J. Buren Sidbury. Also provided training of nurses. Closed 1978.
- N-39BROUGHTON HOSPITALState facility for care of mentally ill; opened 1883. Named in 1959 for J. Melville Broughton, governor, 1941-1945.
- C-60CALEB BRADHAM 1867-1934"Brad's Drink," which he created in pharmacy here, was marketed as Pepsi-Cola after 1898.
- F-61CHERRY HOSPITALOpened by state in 1880 for black citizens with mental illness. Named in 1959 for R. Gregg Cherry, governor, 1945-49. Op...
- O-35CONNIE M. GUION 1882-1971Pioneer female physician. Gained national reputation from work at Cornell medical clinic, 1922-1970. Born 2/10 mile N.
- N-44CROSSNORE SCHOOLFounded by Mary Martin Sloop, physician, 1913, to serve region's youth. Weaving Room, est. 1920, boosted revival of hand...
- C-72CYRUS THOMPSON 1855-1930Physician and orator. Secretary of State of N.C., 1897-1901. Farmers' Alliance and Populist leader. Grave 4 mi. W.
- L-48D. A. TOMPKINS 1851-1914Crusader for southern industrial development, manufacturer, engineer, author, and publisher. Grave is 1/2 mile north.
- Q-41HORACE KEPHARTAuthor of "Our Southern Highlanders" (1913) and other works, naturalist, librarian. Grave 3/10 mi. S.W. Mt. Kephart, 30 ...
- D-83JAMES F. SHOBER 1853-18891st known black physician with an M.D. degree in N.C. Practiced 1878-89. Home and office stood one block north.
- Q-52JOHN R. BRINKLEY 1885-1942Medical maverick, radio and advertising pioneer, candidate for governor of Kansas. Boyhood home stood across the river.
- H-111LEONARD MEDICAL SCHOOLNation's first four-year medical school. Trained 400 African American physicians. Operated here from 1882 to 1918.
- J-112LUNSFORD RICHARDSON 1854-1919A pharmacist and entrepreneur, he created Vicks VapoRub in 1894 while operating a drugstore 150 yards north.
- C-69MARINE RESEARCHThe marine environment in this vicinity has long attracted researchers. In the 1880s Johns Hopkins University operated a...
- G-107MARY L. WYCHE 1858-1936A pioneer in field of organized nursing. In 1902 she founded the N.C. Nurses' Association. Home was 7/10 mile W.
- Q-60MARY LAPHAM 1860-1936Physician; innovator in treatment of tuberculosis. Served in Europe, WWI; operated a sanatorium here, 1908-1918.
- O-79MICHAEL HOKE 1874-1944Pioneer orthopedic surgeon; founded hospitals for crippled children; chief surgeon of Warm Springs (Ga.) Foundation. Bir...
- H-89N.C. PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATIONOrganized in 1880 at a meeting held in the Senate Chamber. E. M. Nadal of Wilson was the first president.
- G-112N.C. SCHOOL OF SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICSOpened in 1980 as state-supported, residential high school. Campus was site of Watts Hospital (1909-1976), built by Geo....
- G-98N.C. SOCIETY OF ENGINEERSOrganized in 1918 in the Malbourne Hotel, which stood here. J. N. Ambler elected first president.
- H-33PETTIGREW HOSPITALSite of Confederate hospital, U.S. Army barracks, Confederate Soldiers' Home, 1891-1938.
- O-76STUART W. CRAMER 1868-1940Engineer and inventor. Pioneered advances in textile mill air conditioning. Home 3 mi. SW.
- D-81THOMAS F. WOOD 1841-1892Organizer & Sec.-Treas. of State Board of Health, 1877-1892. Founded N.C. Medical Journal in 1878. Home was 1 block west...
- Q-55THOMAS HARBISON 1862-1936Botanist and educator. Pioneer in the study of flora, southeastern U.S. Highlands his base after 1886; taught here.
- L-108X-RAY EXPERIMENTSProf. Henry L. Smith pioneered medical uses for x-rays. Conducted experiments and made radiographs Feb. 1896 in physics ...
Modern North Carolina, 1930 on
- O-32'MIRACLE OF HICKORY'Outbreak of polio in June 1944 led to the founding of an emergency hospital 1/2 mile N.E. Closed, 1945.
- G-132ASTRONAUT TRAININGMorehead Planetarium trained NASA astronauts in celestial navigation for Mercury, Gemini, Apollo, Skylab missions, 1960-...
- L-67CAMP SUTTONWorld War II army camp, trained 13,000 engineers. Named for R.C.A.F. pilot Frank Sutton of Monroe, killed December 7, 19...
- G-133CARL T. DURHAM 1892-1974Congressman, 1939-1961. A druggist, he shaped pharmaceutical legislation & chaired atomic energy committee. Lived 1 mi. ...
- C-87MICHAEL J. SMITH 1945-1986Astronaut, Navy aviator. Pilot of ill-fated space shuttle Challenger, lost Jan. 28, 1986. Recipient, Space Medal of Hono...
- O-78NORTH CAROLINA ORTHOPEDIC HOSPITALState institution for crippled children, 1921-1979. R. B. Babington was its first president; O. L. Miller, founding surg...
- J-122POLIO HOSPITALDuring epidemic of 1948, integrated hospital built in 95 days. In 1963, it was makeshift jail for civil rights protester...
- J-120SIMKINS v. CONELandmark federal court of appeals decision 1963 involving Cone Hospital led to racial integration of hospitals in the U....
- H-121ST. AGNESHospital. First nursing school in N.C. for African Americans, 1896-1961. Founded by Sarah Hunter. Building four blocks N...
- P-89ZELDA FITZGERALDWriter, artist, Jazz Age icon; wife of F. Scott Fitzgerald. In 1948, she and 8 other patients died in fire at Highland H...